How to Pay Yourself as a Business Owner

You've worked hard to start your business and are certainly entitled to a paycheck. The question then becomes how best to pay yourself as a business owner. You essentially have two options: salary or dividends.

There are pros and cons with each method.

The best course of action will depend on your personal and business finances. Here are the factors to consider:

Paying Yourself a Salary

When your business pays you a salary it is considered personal income which means you'll have the opportunity to contribute to the Register Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) and the Canada Pension Plan (CPP). How much you put into the RRSP is up to you.

However, there are maximum contribution limits. The CPP is an automatic deduction which can set up for a nice retirement fund.

In other words, the longer your work and pay into the CPP the more of a "nest egg" you'll have upon retirement.

With regard to taxes, when you pay yourself a salary, the corporation can deduct it as a business expense. On the other hand, as personal income, it is subject to taxes.

How big do you want your tax burden to be? That could determine whether or not you pay yourself a salary. 

Taking payment as a salary means you have to set up a payroll account through the Canada Revenue Agency. This means filling out T4 slips and the rest of the required paperwork. Another tax issue with a salary is that you won't be able to mitigate a business loss if your profits go up and down over the course of several years.

Paying Yourself Dividends

You'll have more cash on hand with dividend payments because they are taxed at a lower rate and don't have any automatic deductions taken out for the CPP. It's also very easy to pay yourself in dividends. Just write a check and square it up with the accounting.

By taking dividend payments you are essentially saying you'll be handling your own retirement. Not only would your CPP be less but you are prohibited from making contributions into an RRSP. If you take dividend payments you could also be precluded from taking additional tax deductions such as childcare expenses.

Overall you need to consider your company's cash flow needs, not only for current business, but also down the road. A qualified financial planner should be able to look at your business and help you make a decision that will provide you and your business with a decent level of financial security.

Tips to reduce your income tax for small businesses

With the tax deadline fast approaching, it’s time to start planning now. To help you get prepared, we’ve provided a few quick tips to reduce your business tax bill. Some of them can be applied immediately and will definitely help reduce the amount of income tax you would have to pay.

1.       Take advantage of your business deductions

All expenses that you incur during business operations can be tax deductible. They can range from parking, postage, or even coffee. As long as you collect your business receipts, you can maximize your deductions when filing your return. 

If you either have a home office or lease a place, there are a few deductions that you can make that can help you reduce your income tax.  For home-based businesses, expenses such as insurance, electricity, phone, Internet are all expenses that can be claimed by you. According to the Canadian Revenue Agency (CRA), any expenses that are incurred while operating your business – be it home or elsewhere, are tax deductible.

   

2.       Use your RRSPs to your full advantage

Using your RRSP is one of the best ways you can reduce your small business income tax. It’s unique in that it’s designed to be used as a long term savings vehicle while reducing your tax rate at the same time. So, if in one year you have a high income, you can determine how much you want to contribute into your RRSP as the more you contribute, the more your income tax is reduced. In a low income year, making an RRSP contribution won’t help so you might as well let the unused contribution carry forward when you need it, so that you can make a larger contribution.

3.       Donate to charitable causes                                                       

When you donate to charities, you receive tax credits from the government. By giving more to any registered charity, you’ll be able to maximize the tax credits resulting in a lower tax income rate. 

4.       Pay your family by splitting your income

By splitting your income, you get to take advantage of the different tax rates especially if your income is high. When your income is high, you’re placed on a higher tax bracket, however, if a portion of your income is transferred to your spouse or your child (if they are in a lower tax bracket), you’d be able to reduce your tax rate on your income. 

So if your child is going to university, by transferring a portion of your income, you would be able helping them with their school expenses while reducing your tax rate at the same time. Likewise, you can also gift your children any appreciable assets such as stocks, bonds or property. Any capital gains that they receive are taxed in the lower tax bracket.

5.       Write off your car expenses

If you use your vehicle for your business, you are allowed to claim any automobile costs such as:

-          Car insurance

-          Gas

-          Parking

-         Car maintenance

You have to be aware of some requirements before you can claim any automobile expenses: 

• You must have an employee agreement between your business and employee that the car is used for work purposes; 

• The government requires you to fill out form T2200, stating this agreement.

These tips will help you lower your tax burden – however, we highly recommend speaking with your accountant about other ways to save on taxes.